Chinese Vocabulary│Chinese emotion words (1)

Introduce：Chinese Vocabulary│Chinese emotion words (1)

There are many words to express emotion.
I pick up some basic grammars and emotion words for you.
I also do some simply explanations for vocabularies to help to memorize.
Audio of below example sentences (Taiwan accent)

Basic grammar
Usage 1：someone + adverb + adjective 
e.g. I am happy.
       我很快樂[乐]。
       wǒ hěn kuàilè

Usage 2：adjective + 的 de + noun /someone
e.g. a happy person.
       快樂的人。
       kuàilè de rén

e.g. I am a happy person.
       我是個[个]快樂的人。
       wǒ shìgè kuàilè de rén

Usage 3：adjective + 得 de + verb/ action
Because of the adjective, so that doing the action.
e.g. I'm too happy so that I jump.
       我快樂得跳了起來[来]。
       wǒ kuàilè dé tiàole qǐlái

＊ Pay attention that this example doesn't mean "I jumped with joy".

     It emphasizes jumping because I'm too happy.

Difference between English and Chinese.
In English, we speak "a happy person", or "a thing makes happy".
but won't speak "a happy thing".

In Chinese,
"a happy thing" is available to be used.
e.g. This is a happy thing.
       這[这]是一件快樂的事。
       zhè shì yī jiàn kuàilè de shì

Vocabulary list
happy；快樂；kuài lè
happy；高興；gāo xìng 
happy；開心；kāi xīn 
happy；愉快；yú kuài
sad；傷心；shāng xīn 
sad；難過；nán guò
sad；難受；nán shòu 
sad；哀傷；āi shāng
anger；生氣；shēng qì
anger；憤怒；fèn nù
get angry；發火；fā huǒ
envy；羨慕；xiàn mù 
jealous；嫉妒；jí dù 
hatred；憎恨；zēn ghèn
shy；害羞；hài xiū 
afraid；害怕；hài pà 

Annotate and Example sentences

happy；快樂 kuài lè (adjective)

happy；高興[兴] gāo xìng (adjective)
「高 gāo」means "high"；
「興 xìng」means "emotion".
So that,「高興 gāo xìng」means "happy".

happy；開[开]心 kāi xīn (adjective)
「開 kāi」means "to open"；
「心 xīn」means "heart".
So that,「開心 kāi xīn」means "happy".

happy；愉快 yú kuài (adjective)
This vocabulary is more closed to pleasure instead of happiness.
We use "happy a person" instead of "pleasure person"
「愉快 yú kuài」is a kind of short-term emotion.

sad；傷[伤]心 shāng xīn (adjective)
「傷 shāng」means "to hurt"；
「心 xīn」means "heart".
So that,「傷心 shāng xīn」means "sad".

sad；難過[难过] nán guò (adjective)
「難 nán」means "hard"；
「過 guò」means "to pass".
So that,「難過 nán guò」means "sad".

In same time, it's also means
→ be not feeling well (for body)
→ feel things, working,or life is hard

e.g. I'm not feel well and my head is hurtful.
       我很難過，頭[头]很痛。
       wǒ hěn nánguò, tóu hěn tòng

e.g. In the following days, it would be hard.

       接下來的日子會[会]很難過。
       jiē xiàlái de rìzi huì hěn nánguò

sad；難受 nán shòu (adjective)
「難 nán」means "hard"；
「受 shòu」means "to bear".
So that,「難受 nán shòu」means "uncomfortable".

In same time, it's also means
→ be not feeling well (for body)
→ uncomfortable (for atmosphere or environment)

sad；哀傷 āi shāng (adjective)
This word is often to be used for farewell or someone's death.

anger；生氣[气] shēng qì (adjective)

anger；憤[愤]怒 fèn nù (adjective)
It's more angry than「生氣 shēng qì」.

get angry；發[发]火 fā huǒ (verb+ noun)

This is not an adjective, it's a verb .

「發 fā 」means "to start".

「火 huǒ」means "an angry flame".
「發火 fā huǒ」means "get angry".

e.g. I'm angry.

       我很發火。(Wrong usage)

       wǒ hěn fā huǒ. (Wrong usage)

e.g. Don't bother him anymore, he already get angry.

       別再煩[烦]他，他已經[经]發火了。

       bié zài fán tā, tā yǐjīng fāhuǒ le

envy；羨慕 xiàn mù (verb)
This is a verb.

e.g. I envy your life.
       我羨慕你的生活。
       wǒ xiànmù nǐ de shēnghuó

e.g. I really envy you.
       我很羨慕你。
       wǒ hěn xiànmù nǐ

jealous；嫉妒 jí dù (verb)
This is a verb for a kind of negative emotion.

e.g. I'm jealous of everything he has
       我嫉妒他擁[拥]有的一切。
       wǒ jídù tā yǒngyǒu de yīqiè

「擁有yǒng yǒu  」means "to own".

「一切」means "all".

＊「忌妒 jì dù」is same meaning, but the pronunciation has slight difference.

hatred；憎恨 zēn ghèn (verb)
This is a verb.
Both「憎 zēn、恨ghèn」means "hatred".

shy；害羞 hài xiū (adjective)

afraid；害怕 hài pà (verb, adjective)
This is an adjective, also can be a verb.
e.g. I am scared.
       我很害怕。
       wǒ hěn hàipà.

e.g. I am afraid of dark night.

       我害怕黑夜。
       wǒ hàipà hēiyè.