[Learn basic Chinese with grammar] How to use 已經 and 還沒

Related articles:

Already and not yet in Chinese

In Chinese, 已經 means “already,” and 還沒 means “not yet.” They are useful when talking about whether something has happened or not.

Word Basic meaning
已經 already
還沒 not yet

1. 已經: already

Use 已經 when something has already happened or a situation is already true.

Pattern Meaning
Subject + 已經 + Verb / phrase Subject already did something / something is already true
Chinese English
資料已經準備好了。 The materials are already ready.
門已經關了。 The door is already closed.

已經 often appears before the verb or phrase that describes the completed action or current result.

2. 還沒: not yet

Use 還沒 when something has not happened yet.

Pattern Meaning
Subject + 還沒 + Verb / phrase Subject has not done something yet / something has not happened yet
Chinese English
客人還沒到。 The guest has not arrived yet.
信還沒寄。 The letter has not been sent yet.

還沒 is more natural than saying only when you want to emphasize “not yet.”

3. 已經 often goes with 了

已經 often appears with because the sentence talks about a completed change or result.

Chinese English
電影已經開始了。 The movie has already started.
票已經賣完了。 The tickets are already sold out.

Do not think of as a simple past tense marker. Here, it helps show that the situation has changed.

4. 還沒 + Verb + 呢

You may hear at the end of a 還沒 sentence. It can make the sentence sound more conversational.

Chinese English
結果還沒出來呢。 The result has not come out yet.
名字還沒確定呢。 The name has not been decided yet.

is optional. The main meaning still comes from 還沒.

Useful words and example sentences

No comments:

Post a Comment