Chinese Grammar│Chinese Demonstrative Pronouns





Related articles
→  Chinese Grammar│Direction words in Chinese
→ Difference of「這 zhè、這個 zhè ge、這裡 zhè lǐ」
→ Chinese Question sentence (1)
→ Chinese Question sentence (2)
→ Chinese Measure Words

Introduce:Chinese Demonstrative Pronouns
People use "this", "that", "these", "those"...etc in English
It's about the Chinese grammars of demonstrative pronouns below.

Chart for common demonstrative pronouns
this;         [这];        zhè
that;         ;              
where;     ;              
here;        這裡[这里]zhè lǐ
                   這邊[];    zhè biān
                   ;             zhè
there;       那裡;         nà lǐ
                   ;         nà biān
                   ;             nà 
where;     哪裡nǎ lǐ 
                   nǎ biān
which;     + (quantity) + measure word + noun

Usage and example of demonstrative pronouns
This; 這[这] zhè
e
.g. This is a book
 這     是  一本      書。
This  is      a      book
zhè   s   yì běn   shū

e.g. This is my home.
   這   是   我的      家
This  is    my     home
 zhè  shì wǒ de    jiā

That ;那 nà
e.g. That is a pen.
  那     是  一支   筆[
]
That   is     a       pen.
  nà   shì  yì zhī    bǐ
 
e.g. That is a hospital.
那      是    醫[
]院
That   is   hospital.
nà     shì   yī yuàn

where;哪 nǎ
e.g. Where are you
你           在            哪?
you    locate      where
nǐ           zài           nǎ

here;這裡 zhè
 lǐ;這邊 zhè biān;這zhè 
e.g. It's here.
     在        這裡
locate      here
    zài        zhè lǐ

there;那裡 nà lǐ
邊 nà biān;nà 
e.g. There are many people there.
 那裡      有       很多       人
There  have   many   people 
 nà lǐ   yǒu   hěn duō   rén

where;哪裡 nǎ lǐ;哪邊 biān
哪 nǎ、哪裡 nǎ lǐ」is question particle.
If using 
question particle, sentences will become question tone.

e.g. Where can I wash my hands?
  哪裡   可以     洗      手?
Where  can  wash  hand
  nǎ lǐ   
kě yǐ    xǐ     shǒu

If哪裡 nǎ lǐ 」is:
  at end of clause,裡 can be omitted.
  at first of clause,「裡can't be omitted.

e.g. Where is the restroom?
   洗手間         在      哪()?
restroom    locate  where
xǐ shǒu jiān   zài     nǎ(lǐ)

which;哪 nǎ + (quantity) + measure word +noun
e.g. which country
哪個[
]    國[]?
which       country
nǎ gè        guó jiā

e.g. Which apple
哪一個      蘋[]果?
Which        apple
nǎ yí gè   píng guǒ

e.g. Which three people
    哪三個            人?
Which three   people
  nǎ sān gè        rén

個 」is the common measure word ,see more in Chinese Measure Words

Retroflex suffex;兒 er
In Taiwan, people only speak:
「這 zhè那 、哪 nǎ
「這裡 zhè lǐ那裡 nà lǐ、
裡 nǎ lǐ

In mainland China, people 
speak :
「這兒 zhè er那兒 nà er
兒 nǎ er」.

Mainland China use the retroflex suffex,「兒 er」, in most of sentence
But, in Taiwan, people don't speak like that.

Use Demonstrative Pronouns with「在 zài」to display the location.
located at;在 zài

e.g. I am at my home
我      在       我的     家
 I  locate at   my   home
wǒ    zài     wǒ de   jiā


e.g. Where is your home ?
你的     家          在           哪裡?
Your home  locate at   where
nǐ de    jiā          zài          nǎ lǐ?

e.g. It's here.
     在         這裡。
locate at   here
    zài        zhè lǐ。


Related Posts

0 Comments: