04) Chinese Grammar│Difference of「這 zhè、這個 zhè ge、這裡 zhè lǐ」

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→ Chinese Question sentence (2)
→ Chinese Grammar│這麼 zhè me、這樣 zhè yàng (under editing)

Introduce：Difference of「這 zhè、這個 zhè ge、這裡 zhè lǐ」

Beginners for learning Chinese are hard to separate about「這 zhè」and the extension usages.
So, I list out one by one to explain.

＊ Be informed that all the below usages can be applied on both 「 這 zhè (This)、 那 nà (That)」.

Usage 1
「這 zhè + noun」→ This + noun

e.g. This doll
       這娃娃

       zhè ge wá wa

＊ We can add「是 shì」to indicate the fact.

e.g. This doll is mine.
       這娃娃是我的。

       zhè ge wá wa shì wǒ de

Usage 2
「這個 zhè ge」→ This one

e.g. I want this one.

       我要這個。

       wǒ yào zhè ge

e.g. This one has problem.

       這個有問題。

       zhè ge yǒu wèn tí

＊ We can add「是 shì」to indicate the fact.

e.g. This is mine.
       這個是我的。

       zhè ge shì wǒ de

Usage 3
「這 zhè +measure word + noun」
 e.g.
「這個娃娃 zhè ge wá wa」→ This doll

＊ Sometime, people omit the measure word, and it will become Usage 1.
＊ But, keeping the measure word make the tone of sentence be stronger.
     e.g.
    「這娃娃 zhè wá wa」→ This doll

＊ In some situation, people omit both measure word and noun.

     e.g. This is great.

     這很棒。
     zhè hěn bàng

     e.g. This (thing) is great.

     這(件事)很棒。
     zhè (jiàn shì) hěn bàng

     e.g. This (doll) is great.

     這(個娃娃)很棒。
     zhè (ge wá wa) hěn bàng

Usage 4
「這裡[里] zhè lǐ」→ Here 

e.g. Here is beautiful.
       這裡很美。

       zhè lǐ hěn měi.

＊ We can add「是 shì」to indicate the fact.

e.g. Here is my home.
       這裡是我家。

       zhè lǐ shì wǒ jiā.

＊ Sometime, people omit 「裡 lǐ」, but it not an official grammar.

e.g. I like here
       我很喜歡[欢]這。

       wǒ hěn xǐhuān zhè

e.g. This is funny. 

        這很有趣。
        zhè hěn yǒuqù

Exception

Pay attention thatyou cannot put Chinese into English pattern directly, sometimes.

e.g. This year；今年；jīnnián

e.g. This morning；今早；jīn zǎo

e.g. This month；這個月；zhè ge yuè

e.g. This is fun (Not existed in Chinese)

e.g. This is funny. (OK for Chinese)

        這很有趣。

        zhè hěn yǒuqù

＊ 「有趣 yǒu qù」means "funny" or "interesting".