Chinese Grammar│Time in Chinese





Related article
→ To ask "What time is it" in Chinese
Chinese Grammar│的時候 de shí hòu

How to put "time" into a sentence
"Time" + Subject + clause...
e.g. I go to Taipei today
今天   我  去   台北
today  I   go Taipei 
jīn tiān wǒ qù táiběi

Subject + "Time" clause...
e.g. I go to Taipei today
我  今天   去    台北。
 I   today go  Taipei 
wǒ jīn tiān qù táiběi

Until of Time
Common units
1 second;
秒 ;         yì  miǎo
                   
秒鐘[]; yì miǎo zhōng
1 minute
;           yì fēn
                   
分鐘;       yì fēn zhōng
1 hour;    
小時[]; yì xiǎo shí
                   
鐘頭[]; yì zhōng tóu
1 day;      
           yí 
                   
           yì tiān
1 week;   
星期;        yì xīng qí
                   
禮[礼]; yì lǐ bài
                   
;           yì zhōu
1 month
;            yí yuè
1 year;    
            yì nián


Special units
People seldom use , but you may see it in movie.
15 minutes一刻;   yí kè
60 years;    
甲子yì jiǎ zǐ

「Period」in a day
morning;  
               早上zǎo shang
noon;;                      中午zhōng wǔ
afternoon;               下午xià wǔ
evening;                  傍晚bàng wǎn
night;                       晚上wǎn shàng
midnight;                 午夜wǔ yè
night after 0:00      半夜bàn yè
approaching dawn凌晨líng chén


About the date
Week
There is no any difference between below 3 words.
All of them mean "week"
星期xīng qí   禮拜lǐ bài    zhōu

In Chinese, Monday to Saturday are arranged in numbers except "Sunday".

Monday;      星期一xīng qí  
Tuesday;     星期二xīng qí èr 
Wednesday星期三xīng qí sān
Thursday ;  星期四xīng qí sì
Friday;        星期五xīng qí wǔ
Saturday;    星期六xīng qí liù
Sunday;      星期天xīng qí tiān
                       星期xīng qí rì

You can use「禮拜 lǐ bài、周 zhōu」to replace 「星期 xīng qí」below. 
   e.g. 周一 zhōu yī、周二 zhōu èr....
          禮拜lǐ bài yī禮拜lǐ bài èr...

* weekendis「周末 zhōu mò」

* In Taiwan, people speakxīng qí 
     In China, people speakxīng qī 」.

month
In Chinese, January to December are arranged in numbers.
January 一月(份)yí yuè (fèn)
February二月(份)èr yuè (fèn)
  。
  。
November月(份) shí yī yuè (fèn)
December十二月(份) shí èr yuè (fèn)

Bothyuè」andyī yuè」are correct.

year

Generally, 2020 is called as 
  èr   líng   èr    líng  nián
  二     零    二     零     年
two  zero two  zero  year

date in one month
January 1st一月一日yí yuè yí rì
January 2nd一月二日yí yuè èr rì
  。
  。
January 30 一月三十日yí yuè sān shí rì
January 31st 一月三十一日yí yuè sān shí yí rì

* You can use [号] hào」to replace」.
     e.g. 月一號;yí yuè yí hào

* Bothyí yuè yí 」andyī yuè yī rìare correct.

To describe date
Describe date from large to small unit.
year→month→day→period in a day→clock→minute→second

e.g. 2020/03/20, morning, 6:15:30

       西元2020年3月20日, 早上, 6點15分30秒
        xī yuán 2020 nián 3 yuè 20 rì, zǎo shang6 diǎn 15 fēn 30 miǎo

西元 xī yuán」means "AD". 

* In Taiwan, People speak西元 xī yuán 
     In China, People speak公元 gōng yuán 」.

*  In Taiwan, people also use another calendar民國[国] mín guó」.
     The first year of 民國 is 1912.
     AD 2020 is民國109年」.


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