Chinese Grammar│Feature of Chinese Grammar

Feature of Chinese

Feature 1 :  "Subject" or "object" ? It is defined by the position.
e.g. I love him
       我愛[爱]他。
       wǒ ài tā

→「我 wǒ」is in the front of sentence, so「我 wǒ」is subject.
→「愛 ài」is a verb and is behind the subject, so「愛 ài」is the subject's behavior.
→「他 tā」is behind the subject's behavior, so ,「他 tā」is the object.

Feature 2 : A Chinese character may own different pinyins and meanings.
e.g. 多；duō / duó

「多 duō」means 

"much/many" , 

"more than",

 "frequently", 

"excessive and unnecessary"

「多 duó」means 

"how" 

"to indicates exclamatory tone"

Feature 3 : Chinese needs an extra description to define time tenses.
e.g. He went dancing. 
       他去跳舞。
       tā qù tiào wǔ。

In English, define time tenses by "go","went",or "will go"...etc.

In Chinese, we need an extra description to define the time tenses, like 

"already：已經[已经] yǐ jīng "

"not yet：還沒[还没] hái méi "

"yesterday：昨天zuó tiān "

"today：今天jīn tiān "

Feature 4 : There is no concept of "it" in Chinese
e.g. This is my mistake. (Correct)
       It is my mistake. (not exist in Chinese)
       這是我的錯[错]。
       zhè shì wǒ de cuò。

Feature 5 : Anything can be the subject in a sentence.
e.g.
In English：
"I feel that the surface is rough."

Follow Chinese grammar：
  表面     感覺[觉]   很      粗糙。

surface    feels   very   rough
biǎo miàn gǎn jué hěn cū cāo.

e.g.

In English：
"It's not allowed to smoke in hospitals."

Follow Chinese grammar：

  醫[医]院   不    允許[许]    抽菸[烟]。

Hospital   not     allow       smoke

yī yuàn bù yǔn xǔ chōu yān.